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By Christa Jarvis


Trauma: Many accidents cause injuries: fractures, dislocations, sprains, wounds, burns, drowning. Toxicology: many situations resulting from accidental or intentional poisoning (suicide attempt, murder, drug use): food poisoning by gas emanation, drug by drug, alcohol, poisoning (duodenal switch surgery in Mexico). The establishment of a social emergency is also an attempt to answer.

For hospital emergency, a key component is to summon the services of prehospital medicine (usually an ambulance may be land, air or naval) for help by calling the appropriate phone number for emergencies. For EU member states and 112 different numbers in other countries such as the popular 911 in Americas. Emergency operators generally operate through a protocol of questions to determine if you can perform an outpatient treatment or assess the need to send a particular medical resource your help. Not the same a clinic than a hospital, many people confuse it

Disaster Medicine is a branch of medicine for accidents or disasters involving mass casualties: train crash, earthquake, bomb ... The disaster is defined as inadequate relief needs and the resources available (outdated means). It requires organization and a "doctrine" different from the usual emergency medicine.

In Spain main organization is the SEMES (Spanish Society of Emergency Medicine). In Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the SVMED (Venezuelan Society of Emergency and Disaster Medicine) is the organization that brings together medical specialists and certifies attendees prehospital emergency, Emergency Prehospital TM, There is also the career Senior Technicians university (TSU) in Prehospital Emergency (EPh).

Within a hospital staff is generally adequate to meet this average emergency. The accident and emergency physicians are trained to handle most emergency and maintain certifications in CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) and ALS (Advanced Life Support). In disasters most hospitals have protocols to quickly summon the staff and the service is not.

Buddy Military Medical developed the first medical triage criteria. Here, the sick and wounded arriving at the military field hospital Suippes (France, World War I) are oriented towards sorting. In case of mass influx, those most likely to be saved are prioritized by surgeons, doctors and nurses. Less severe or too severe cases are put on hold.

Such situations can occur in a hospital structure (the patient may already be hospitalized and his condition is complicated), at home, on the street or in a public or private place (malaise, illness, domestic accident, accident on the highway, accident). More and more people use hospital emergency like an open twenty-four hours twenty-four / seven days a week medical practice; they "consume" the emergency.

In addition to general medical and specialized skills implemented in context of medicine are the anesthetics: a number of problems can occur under anesthesia (especially due to anesthesia), for example during an operation or a medical examination; but the treatment of urgency is also frequently use anesthesia (to allow painful care or causing reflex rejection) and resuscitation (maintenance and restoration of vital functions).




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