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By Stella Gay


Unarmed fighting system started long ago in various cultures. Karate is categorized under martial arts. It entails open hand tactics like palm-hand strike, spear-hands, knife-hands and strikes like punches, kicks, elbow strikes, and knee strikes. New styles such as vital point strikes, restraints, throws, joint locks, and grappling have been incorporated into the original techniques. Students are known as karateka.

Self-discipline, hard training, and creativity are crucial virtues for trainees if they wish to master various maneuvers. Research reveals that an increasing number of people are undertaking training sessions to better their fighting skills. It is crucial to know that maneuvers portrayed by mass media are overemphasized. Most moves portrayed in movies are made using computers so viewers ought to be warned. Such deadly movements must never be carried out for safety purposes.

This type of unarmed combat system can be practiced by every individual regardless of gender, age or fitness level. Most countries have numerous training centers where services can be obtained. Interested individuals may enter these facilities as private students or teams. A private student learns and develops at their own pace as they get assigned an instructor to train them. This martial art may boost confidence, focus, character, and inner security of trainees.

Training is broken down into sparring, forms, and basics or fundamentals. Different styles attach varying importance to the basics. Katas or forms refer to a series of maneuvers depicting a wide range of defensive postures and offensive stances. Stances are found on idealized combat application. During coaching instructors demonstrate how each tactic is applied while repelling an opponent.

Each form is learned faster when performed. Each rank has its mandatory forms that students must be able to execute during skill demonstration in order to receive official ranking. Coaching institutions have varied conditions for examinations, even though majority apply Japanese terminologies for belts, grades, and ranks. A ranking system may start with a bigger number and move to a small one or mark grades by colored belts.

Kumite also referred to as sparring is done as self-defense coaching or a sport. Contact levels during kumite differs greatly. Contact version can be semi contact, full contact or light contact. Structured kumite entails demonstration of a sequence of choreographed techniques by two practitioners, one attacks as the other blocks.

Free sparring is carried out in enclosed areas and people taking part in it are free to use only permitted techniques. Permitted techniques and level of contact can be predetermined by style organization policies or sport, but may be changed as per rank, sex, and age of participants. Under light or semi contact kumite contestants are rewarded as per sporting attitude, correct distance, good timing, good form, and awareness amongst other considerations.

In conclusion, practitioners who train for competitions may register as groups or individuals in tournaments.Rating of techniques is the responsibility of head referees assisted by assistant referees or a panel of judges. Fixtures are made considering experience, gender, weight, and age of participants. Contest can be arranged for practitioners of a particular technique or martial trainees specialized in every style but limited to given rules.




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